The fragmentation takes place on two levels: in the first one the maximum transmission unit is 4000 bytes, and in the second it is 2500 bytes. IPv4 and IPv6 differences Īn example of IPv4 multiple fragmentation. Reassembly is intended to happen in the receiving host but in practice it may be done by an intermediate router, for example, network address translation (NAT) may need to reassemble fragments in order to translate data streams. If a receiving host receives a fragmented IP packet, it has to reassemble the packet and pass it to the higher protocol layer. The Identification field along with the foreign and local internet address and the protocol ID, and Fragment offset field along with Don't Fragment and More Fragments flags in the IP header are used for fragmentation and reassembly of IP packets. RFC 815 describes a simplified reassembly algorithm. RFC 791 describes the procedure for IP fragmentation, and transmission and reassembly of IP packets. The details of the fragmentation mechanism, as well as the overall architectural approach to fragmentation, are different between IPv4 and IPv6. The fragments are reassembled by the receiving host. IP fragmentation is an Internet Protocol (IP) process that breaks packets into smaller pieces (fragments), so that the resulting pieces can pass through a link with a smaller maximum transmission unit (MTU) than the original packet size. An example of the fragmentation of a protocol data unit in a given layer into smaller fragments.
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